Casascius physical bitcoins

Various views of Casascius coins

Redeemed Casascius coin

Casascius physical bitcoins, also called Casascius coins, are physical metal coins created by Bitcoin user Casascius (Mike Caldwell, Sandy, Utah, USA) and sold until Nov 26, 2013, that contain an embedded piece of paper with digital Bitcoin value, covered by a tamper-resistant hologram. Casascius coins are available in 1, 10, 25, 100, and 1000 BTC increments. They can no longer be purchased.

The coins are designed such that they could be circulated in face-to-face transactions. The first person to redeem its private key gets the value on the coin, and afterwards, the coin no longer has any Bitcoin value. It is difficult or impossible to read the private key on the coin without damaging or destroying the hologram, which exposes a honeycomb-like tamper-evidence pattern when peeled.

The piece of paper inside each coin has a private key which forms the backing for the Bitcoin value represented by the coin. Redeeming the private key back into digital Bitcoins is currently available with a patched reference client and many of the alternative clients.

Casascius coins are similar to Bitbills in that they are an object that contains a redemption code that serves as a bearer item for digital bitcoins.

There are 2 independent websites that track the status of all Casascius coins in circulation, based on information from the block chain:

• Casascius Bitcoin Analyzer (http://casascius.uberbills.com/)
• Casascius Physical Bitcoins Database (http://casascius.appspot.com/)

History

Originally, Mike Caldwell imagined placing a private key on a piece of paper inside a washer with a tamper-evident hologram on each side. However, he found it was more economical to have a real coin minted with a hologram on one side than to have two different hologram designs, and so the first Casascius coins were customized brass coins ordered from a mint that makes car wash tokens.

Suspension of sale

As of Nov 27, 2013, Mike Caldwell suspended sales of items that contain digital bitcoins. The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN), a branch of the Treasury Department, informed him before, that minting physical bitcoins qualifies him as a money transmitter business, which means he needs to register at the federal level and probably get state licenses too.

Releases of Casascius coins

Original series 1 BTC coin

• 1.125 inches in diameter
• Solid brass
• Year printed on coins: 2011
• Approximately 0.24 ounces
• Eight-digit "firstbits" inkjetted onto surface of hologram sticker
• First appeared in September 2011.
• Private key: 22 character string inside the coin, the 256-bit private key is SHA256(string)
• Approximate number produced: 3,500 as of November 2011
• A spelling error can be found in the small lettering of the hologram: "CASACIUS" instead of "CASASCIUS"
• Casascius has stated that no more than 11,000 may be produced
• All 11,000 Bitcoin addresses pre-generated for the series have been published as a signed text file

Second series 1 BTC coin

Second series 1 BTC Casascius coin

The hologram and the private key is different, the metal part of the coin is the same as the first series.

• 1.125 inches in diameter
• Solid brass
• Year printed on coins: 2011
• Approximately 0.24 ounces
• Denomination ("ONE BTC") appears on the hologram
• Eight-digit "firstbits" visible through a small transparent window that allows limited visibility of one side of the private key paper
• Private key: 30 character string inside the coin, the 256-private key is SHA256(string)
• First appeared in November 2011
• No spelling error in hologram

1 BTC Fine Silver Round

Casascius 1 Silver BTC Round

• 39mm diameter
• 1 troy ounce .999 Fine Silver
• Uses second series holograms marked ONE BTC
• Denomination ("ONE BTC") appears on the hologram
• Private key: 30 character string inside the coin, the 256-private key is SHA256(string)

10 BTC silver round

• First available on Dec 1, 2011
• 39mm diameter
• 1 troy ounce .999 Fine Silver
• Uses second series holograms marked TEN BTC
• Comes in a clear plastic capsule
• Zeroes and ones on the back encode the message "Bitcoin: an idea too big to fail"

25 BTC Gold-Plated Round

Casascius 25BTC coin

• 1.75 inches in diameter, about 3mm thick
• Gold-plated alloy
• Approximately 1.2 ounces
• Printed year: 2011
• Uses same holograms and private key scheme as original series 1 BTC coin
• First appeared in October 2011
• Zeroes and ones on the back encode the message "You asked for change, we gave you coins"

1000 BTC 1 troy ounce gold coin

• Available as of Dec 16, 2011
• Printed year: 2012
• Diameter: 30mm
• Special order item, 3 business day lead time
• Hologram: V1 with Bitcoin address lasered at top instead of ink jetted across middle
• As of 12/2020 there are only three unopened left in the world.

100 BTC gold plated bar

• Weight: 4.2oz
• Dimensions: 8cm x 4cm x 0.6cm
• Printed year: 2011-2013
• Indented features: "100 BTC", Bitcoin logo, "gold plated bearer bar"
• Hologram: V1 or V2

500 BTC gold plated bar

• Weight: 4.2oz
• Dimensions: 8cm x 4cm x 0.6cm
• Printed year: 2011
• Indented features: "500 BTC", Bitcoin logo, "gold plated bearer bar"
• Hologram: V1 or V2
• As of 12/20 there is only one unopened left in the world.

1000 BTC gold plated bar

• Weight: 4.2oz
• Dimensions: 8cm x 4cm x 0.6cm
• Hologram: V1
• Printed year: none
• Lasered overprinting on the hologram to indicate the denomination
• This is a non-denominated bar that has been engraved with a 1000 BTC denomination. It is indented with the Bitcoin logo and the words "gold plated bearer bar" like the 100 BTC bar, but is not indented with a denomination. The denomination is applied via laser engraving.
• As of 12/2020, there are only two unopened left in the world.

See also

• Mini private key format
• Bitcoin Forum: Collectible Auctions
• The History of Physical Bitcoin

References

• Uberbills Casascius Bitcoin Analyzer