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CBDC (Central Bank Digital Currency) is the final and most insidious form of [[fiat money]], since as programmable money it allows a much higher degree of control, including geofencing, time limits, restrictions on saving, blacklisting, censorship, etc. It can potentially lead to [[ubiquitous law enforcement]] and facilitate social credit systems.

== CBDC programs around the world ==
A large number of governments around the world are working on developing a CBDC. 3 have launched. 36 are in the pilot stage and 30 are in development. These are some of the most relevant.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ CBDC
|-
! Country !! Stage !! Tech !! FOSS !! Privacy !! Transparency !! Issuance Limit !! Users (M) !! Name !! Dev. co
|-
| China || Pilot || . || . || . || . || . || 250 || e-CNY || .
|-
| Nigeria || Live || . || . || . || . || . || 12 || e-Naira || .
|-
| Jamaica || Live || NZIA || . || . || . || . || 0.120 || Sand Dollar || NZIA
|-
| Bahamas || Live || . || . || . || . || . || . || . || .
|-
| USA || Development || . || . || . || . || . || . || . || .
|-
| EU || Development || . || . || . || . || . || . || Digital euro || .
|-
| India || Pilot || . || . || . || . || . || 5 || Digital Rupee || .
|-
| UK || Development || . || . || . || . || . || . || . || .
|-
| Brazil || Pilot || . || . || . || . || . || . || Drex || .
|-
| Russia || Pilot || . || . || . || . || . || . || . || .
|}

== External links ==

*CBDCtracker [https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/cbdctracker/ cbdctracker] lets you see how CBDC implementation around the world is advancing.
*HRF [https://cbdctracker.hrf.org/home HRF CBDCtracker]. The Human Rights Foundation is also keeping a critical eye on CBDC progress around the world.