Research
Publications including research and analysis of Bitcoin or related areas. There is a separate page for peer-reviewed research.
The list below is now just a subset of a comprehensive list compiled by Brett Scott.
| Title | Author | Type | Date | Links | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cyberlaundering: Anonymous Digital Cash and Money Laundering | R. Mark Bortner | Research paper | 1996 | Download | |
| Triple Entry Accounting | Ian Grigg | Research paper | 2005-12-25 | Download | |
| Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System | Satoshi Nakamoto | Research paper | 2008-10-31 | Download | |
| An Analysis of Anonymity in the Bitcoin System | Fergal Reid, Martin Harrigan | Research paper | 2011-07-22 | Download, discussion | |
| Shadowy Figures: Tracking Illicit Financial Transactions in the Murky World of Digital Currencies, Peer–to–Peer Networks, and Mobile Device Payments | John Villasenor, Cody Monk, Christopher Bronk | Research paper | 2011-08-29 | Download | |
| Bitcoin: An Innovative Alternative Digital Currency | Reuben Grinberg | Research paper | 2011-12-09 | Download, discussion | |
| Bitcoin NFC | David Allen Bronleewe | Master's report | 2011-08 | Download, source code | |
| Optimal pool abuse strategy | Raulo | Research paper | 2011-02-04 | Download, discussion | |
| Abusing Bitcoin cooperative mining pools: strategies for egoistical but honest miners | Nakamoto Ryo | Research paper | 2011 | Download, discussion | |
| Analysis of Bitcoin Pooled Mining Reward Systems | Meni Rosenfeld | Research paper | 2011-11-07 | Download, discussion | |
| Bitcoin Exchange system | Tomáš Jiříček | Research paper | 2012 | Download | |
| On Bitcoin and Red Balloons | Moshe Babaioff, Shahar Dobzinski, Sigal Oren, Aviv Zohar | Publication article | 2012 | Download | |
| 2011 Observations on the Digital Currency Industry | Mark Herpel | Publication article | 2011 | Download | |
| MAVE, New Lightweight Digital Signature Protocols for Massive Verifications | Sergio Demian Lerner | Research paper (preliminary) | 2012 | Download | |
| MAVEPAY, a New Lightweight Payment Scheme for Peer to Peer Currency Networks | Sergio Demian Lerner | Research paper (preliminary) | 2012 | Download | |
| Bitcoin: Eine erste Einordnung (an initial classification) | Christoph Sorge, Artus Krohn-Grimberghe | Research paper | 2012 | Download, discussion | |
| Bitcoin - an introduction to the workings and a preliminary analysis and understanding of potential legal issues | Jean-Daniel Schmid, Alexander Schmid | Article | 2012 | Download | |
| Secure multiparty Bitcoin anonymization | Edward Z. Yang | Article | 2012 | Download, discussion | |
| Bitcoin & Gresham's Law - the economic inevitability of Collapse | Philipp Güring, Ian Grigg | Article | 2011 | Download | |
| Today Techies, Tomorrow the World? Bitcoin. | Reuben Grinberg | Article | 2012 | Download | |
| Traveling the Silk Road: A measurement analysis of a large anonymous online marketplace | Nicolas Christin | Research paper | 2012 | Download | |
| CommitCoin: Carbon Dating Commitments with Bitcoin | Jeremy Clark and Aleksander Essex | Research paper | 2012 | Download extended abstract Download technical report | |
| Quantitative Analysis of the Full Bitcoin Transaction Graph | Dorit Ron and Adi Shamir | Research paper | 2012 | Download | |
| Bitcoin Security | Robert Pallas | Master's thesis | 2012 | Download | |
| Design and security analysis of Bitcoin infrastructure using application deployed on Google Apps Engine | Piotr "ThePiachu" Piasecki | Master's thesis | 2012 | Download, discussion | |
| The Production of Freedom: Value Production in the US- dominated Financial System, and Possible Alternatives | Jeremy Kirshbaum | Master's thesis (preliminary) | 2012 | Download, discussion | |
| COIN: a distributed accounting system for peer to peer networks | Fabio Varesano | Bachelor's thesis | 2012 | Download | |
| BITCOIN CLIENTS | Rostislav Skudnov | Bachelor's thesis | 2012 | Download | |
| Bitter to Better—How to Make Bitcoin a Better Currency | Simon Barber, Xavier Boyen, Elaine Shi, Ersin Uzun | Research paper | 2012 | Download | |
| NooShare: A decentralized ledger of shared computational resources | Alex Coventry | Research paper | 2012 | Download | |
| Bits and Bets. Information, Price Volatility, and Demand for Bitcoin | Martis Buchholz, Jess Delaney, Joseph Warren | Final project | 2012 | Download, discussion, discussion | |
| Two Bitcoins at the Price of One? Double Spending attacks on Fast Payments in Bitcoin | Ghassan O. Karame, Elli Androulaki, Srdjan Cap-kun | Research paper | 2012 | Download | |
| Nerdy Money: Bitcoin, the Private Digital Currency, and the Case Against Its Regulation | Nikolei M. Kaplanov | Research paper | 2012 | Abstract | |
| Analysis of hashrate-based double-spending | Meni Rosenfeld | Research paper | 2012 | Download | |
| Homomorphic Payment Addresses and the Pay-to-Contract Protocol | Ilja Gerhardt, Timo Hanke | Research Paper | 2012 | Download (via web viewer) | |
| Quasi-Commodity Money (February 6, 2012). "This paper considers reform possibilities posed by a type of base money that has heretofore been overlooked in the literature on monetary economics." | George Selgin | Working Papers Series | 2012 | Download | |
| Virtual currency schemes - "This report is a first attempt to provide the basis for a discussion on virtual currency schemes." | European Central Bank | Paper | 2012 | Download | |
| Evaluating User Privacy in Bitcoin | Elli Androulaki, Ghassan Karame, Marc Roeschlin, Tobias Scherer and Srdjan Capkun | Paper | 2013 | Download (Slides) | |
| Beware the Middleman: Empirical Analysis of Bitcoin-Exchange Risk | Tyler Moore and Nicolas Christin | Short Paper | 2013 | Download (Slides) | |
| Bitcoin, Regulating Fraud In The E-Conomy Of Hacker-Cash | Derek A. Dion | Paper | 2013 | Download | |
| The practical materiality of Bitcoin | Bill Maurera, Taylor C. Nelmsa & Lana Swartz | Paper | 2013 | Download | |
| Regulating Digital Currencies: Bringing Bitcoin within the Reach of the IMF | Nicholas Plassaras | Paper | 2013 | Download | |
| Bitcoin is Memory | William J. Luther, Josiah Olson | Paper | 2013 | Download | |
| The Economics of Bitcoin Mining or, Bitcoin in the Presence of Adversaries | Joshua A. Kroll, Ian C. Davey, and Edward W. Felten | Paper | 2013 | Download | |
| Bitcoin: A Primer for Policymakers | Jerry Brito, Andrea Castillo | Research paper | 2013 | Abstract Download | |
| Whack-a-Mole: Prosecuting Digital Currency Exchanges | Catherine Martin Christopher | Research paper | 2013 | Abstract | |
| Are Cryptocurrencies 'Super' Tax Havens? | Omri Y. Marian | Research paper | 2013 | Abstract | |
| Collective Emergent Institutional Entrepreneurship Through Bitcoin | Robin Teigland, Zeynep Yetis and Tomas Olov Larsson | Research paper | 2013 | Abstract | |
| Anonymity of Bitcoin Transactions | Malte Möser | Research paper | 2013 | Download | |
| On the origins of Bitcoin: Stages of monetary evolution | Konrad S. Graf | Research paper | 2013 | Abstract | |
| Majority is not Enough: Bitcoin Mining is Vulnerable | Ittay Eyal and Emin Gun Sirer | Research paper | 2013 | Abstract | |
| Bitcoin, the end of the Taboo on Money | Denis Roio aka Jaromil | Humanities article | 2013 | Abstract | |
| Secure Multiparty Computations on BitCoin | Marcin Andrychowicz, Stefan Dziembowski, Daniel Malinowski and Łukasz Mazurek University of Warsaw | Research paper | 2013 | Abstract | |
| A Fistful of Bitcoins: Characterizing Payments Among Men with No Names | Sarah Meiklejohn, Marjori Pomarole, Grant Jordan, Kirill Levchenko, Damon McCoy, Geoffrey M. Voelker, Stefan Savage | Research paper | 2013 | ||
| Information Propagation in the Bitcoin Network | Christian Decker (ETH Zurich, Switzerland), Roger Wattenhofer (Microsoft Research) | Research paper | 2013 | ||
| Have a Snack, Pay with Bitcoins | Tobias Bamert, Christian Decker, Lennart Elsen, Roger Wattenhofer, Samuel Welten | Research paper | 2013 | ||
| The Economics of Private Digital Currency | Gerald P Dwyer | Research paper | 2014 | Abstract | |
| The Origin, Classification and Utility of Bitcoin | Peter Šurda | Research Paper | 2014 | Abstract | |
| Deanonymisation of clients in Bitcoin P2P network | Alex Biryukov, Dmitry Khovratovich and Ivan Pustogarov | Research Paper | 2014 | Abstract Download | |
| Bitcoin Financial Regulation: Securities, Derivatives, Prediction Markets, & Gambling | Jerry Brito, Houman B. Shadab, Andrea Castillo | Research Paper | 2014 | Abstract Download | |
| What are the main drivers of the Bitcoin price? | Ladislav Kristoufek | Research Paper | 2014 | Download | |
| The Economics of Bitcoin | Andre Herman | Bachelor's thesis | 2014 | Download | |
| Near Zero Bitcoin Transaction Fees Cannot Last Forever | Kerem Kaşkaloğlu | Research Paper | 2014 | Abstract Download | |
| Is Bitcoin Money? | Ísak Andri Ólafsson | Thesis Paper | 2014 | Abstract Download | |
| The (A)Political Economy of Bitcoin | Vasilis Kostakis and Chris Giotitsas | Essay | 2014 | HTML Download | |
| When your sensor earns money: exchanging data for cash with Bitcoin | Dominic Wörner and Thomas von Bomhard | Research | 2014 | Abstract Download | |
| Bitcoin Transaction Malleability and MtGox | Christian Decker, Roger Wattenhofer | Research | 2014 | Download | |
| BlueWallet: The Secure Bitcoin Wallet | Tobias Bamert, Christian Decker, Roger Wattenhofer and Samuel Welten | Research | 2014 | Download | |
| Bitcoin over Tor isn’t a good idea | Alex Biryukov and Ivan Pustogarov | Research | 2014 | Download | |
| Sidechained Bitcoin Substitutes, A Monetary Commentary | Konrad S. Graf | Essay | 2014 | Download | |
| Taxation of virtual currency | Aleksandra Bal | PhD thesis | 2014 | Abstract Download | |
| A First Look at the Usability of Bitcoin Key Management | Shayan Eskandari, David Barrera, Elizabeth Stobert, and Jeremy Clark | Research Paper | 2015 | Download | |
| Privacy in Bitcoin through decentralized mixers | Olivier Coutu | Master's thesis | 2015 | Abstract Download | |
| Value Creation in Cryptocurrency Networks: Towards A Taxonomy of Digital Business Models for Bitcoin Companies | Erol Kazan, Chee-Wee Tan, Eric T.K. Lim | Research Paper | 2015 | Abstract Download | |
| Authenticated Key Exchange over Bitcoin | Patrick McCorry, Siamak F. Shahandashti, Dylan Clarke, Feng Hao | Research Paper | 2015 | Download | |
| Bitcoin and Beyond: A Technical Survey on Decentralized Digital Currencies | Florian Tschorsch and Björn Scheuermann | Research Paper | 2015 | Download | |
| Bitcoin Duplex Micropayment Channels | Christian Decker and Roger Wattenhofer | Research Paper | 2015 | Download | |
| The Bitcoin Lightning Network: Scalable Off-Chain Instant Payments | Joseph Poon and Thaddeus Dryja | Research Paper | 2015 | Download | |
| Bitcoin and the Uniform Commercial Code | Jeanne L. Schroeder | Research Paper | 2015 | Abstract Download | |
| Economics beyond Financial Intermediation | Saifedean Ammous | Research Paper | 2015 | Download | |
| Bitcoin and the Future of Digital Payments | William J. Luther | Research Paper | 2015 | Abstract Download | |
| Profitability from Mining Bitcoins: Should You Still Enter the Bitcoin Mining Competition? Long-Term Simulation Analysis of the Profitability for a Single Miner | Kärt Viilup | Master's thesis | 2015 | Download | |
| Secure Bitcoin Wallet | Sevil Guler | Master's thesis | 2015 | Download | |
| Development of Universal Cryptocurrency Wallet Services: A Case Study of Bitplexus | Priidu Neemre | Master's thesis | 2016 | Download | |
| Inverse Futures in Bitcoin Economy | Aleksey Bragin | SSRN Research Paper | 2015 | Download |
See Also
- Encryptopedia - Scientific research and white papers on bitcoin, blockchain technology, cryptography, algorithms and cryptocurrencies
- Peer-to-Peer Review: The State of Academic Bitcoin Research 2014 by Brett Scott (@Suitpossum) (Full List)
- OpenCryptocurrencyReview - A repository of Bitcoin and related research
- Jeremy Clark's Bitcoin Bibliography
- Economic
- Technical
- Press