|
|
| (12 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| ====== JSON-RPC Over SSL Setup ======
| |
|
| |
|
| By default, bitcoin allows JSON-RPC commands to be sent to
| | SSL for RPC in Bitcoin Core client, was '''removed and is no longer available''' (as of 2019.03) apparently in commit 40b556d374 . |
| http://localhost:8332/, and accepts connections only from the local
| |
| host.
| |
|
| |
|
| It can be configured to allow https connections from other hosts;
| | Even before its removal, it was criticized for some time. |
| three things must be setup for this to work properly:
| |
|
| |
|
| 1. You must setup a server certificate and private key. A self-signed
| | === Historical comments === |
| certificate will work nicely, you don't need to pay for a certificate signed by
| |
| a certificate authority.
| |
|
| |
|
| By default, bitcoin looks for the server's private key file in a
| | (this no longer applies as RPC SSL was removed). |
| "server.pem" in the bitcoin data directory (e.g. ~/.bitcoin/server.pem
| |
| on unix), and the server certificate file in "server.cert". To
| |
| generate them using the openssl command-line program, run:
| |
|
| |
|
| cd ~/.bitcoin
| | JSON-RPC over [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Sockets_Layer SSL] is strongly discouraged |
| openssl genrsa -out server.pem 2048
| |
| openssl req -new -x509 -nodes -sha1 -days 3650 -key server.pem > server.cert
| |
|
| |
|
| You should NOT enter a passphrase.
| | "The RPC interface isn't designed to be used in any scenario which would require SSL, which would be accessed over the internet or other untrusted networks. It doesn't have the necessary denial of service protections or review to make it safe for use this way, and so letting potentially malicious clients connect to it would be incredibly unwise. If you need to talk to a remote bitcoind instance you are better off tunneling with SSH or stunnel which will provide a secure, authenticated path without exposing the socket any further than localhost." |
|
| |
|
| 2. Specify the IP addresses of clients that are allowed to connect using
| | -[https://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/39117/why-is-json-rpc-over-ssl-strongly-discouraged Bitcoin(StackExchange, August 17th, 2015)] |
| "rpcallowip" configuration file options.
| |
| | |
| Edit the bitcoin.conf file (in the bitcoin data directory), and add a
| |
| line for each IP address allowed to connect:
| |
| rpcallowip=10.11.13.15
| |
| rpcallowip=10.11.13.16
| |
| You may also allow connections from any IP address in a subnet using *:
| |
| rpcallowip=192.168.1.*
| |
| rpcallowip=10.1.*.*
| |
| You can also specify 'rpcallowip=*' to allow all IP addresses.
| |
| | |
| Connections from the local host (127.0.0.1) are always allowed.
| |
| | |
| 3. You must tell bitcoin to use ssl using the "rpcssl" configuration file option.
| |
| | |
| Edit the bitcoin.conf file, and add:
| |
| rpcssl=1
| |
| | |
| Restart bitcoin or bitcoind to make these changes take effect. You
| |
| can test bitcoin's ssl functionality using the openssl s_client command:
| |
| | |
| openssl s_client -connect localhost:8332
| |
| | |
| The connection should be successful and you should see the server's
| |
| certificate details. If you press return twice, you should get a
| |
| 'HTTP/1.0 401 Authorization Required' response.
| |
| | |
| ====== Client setup ======
| |
| | |
| Once the server is accepting https connections, to be secure you should
| |
| make sure the client is actually connecting to the bitcoin server and
| |
| not an attacker trying to hijack the connection.
| |
| | |
| If you can, you should copy the server.cert certificate chain file to
| |
| the client machine and use it to validate the OpenSSL connection.
| |
| For example, in php you would call stream_context_create() with
| |
| the 'verify_peer' and 'ca_file' options and then call
| |
| stream_context_set_default().
| |
| | |
| If you can't validate using the server certificate, you should connect
| |
| to the server using its IP address instead of its host name.
| |
| ====== bitcoin.conf Options ======
| |
| | |
| All HTTPS-JSON-RPC-related bitcoin.conf options:
| |
| | |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Option !! Default !! Description
| |
| |-
| |
| | rpcport ||8332||Listen for connections on this port
| |
| |-
| |
| | rpcuser || -none- ||user name for HTTP BASIC authentication
| |
| |-
| |
| | rpcpassword || -none- ||password for HTTP BASIC authentication
| |
| |-
| |
| | rpcssl || -none- || Not set by default, if set bitcoin will only accept SSL connections
| |
| |-
| |
| | rpcallowip || -none- || Allow a client at this IP address to connect (may be specified multiple times)
| |
| |-
| |
| | rpcsslciphers || TLSv1+HIGH:!SSLv2:!aNULL:!eNULL:!AH:!3DES:@STRENGTH || See the openSSL documentation for syntax
| |
| |-
| |
| | rpcsslcertificatechainfile || server.cert || File containing server's public key
| |
| |-
| |
| || rpcsslprivatekeyfile || server.pem || File containing server's private key
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| ====== Known Problems ======
| |
| | |
| As of October 2010, Google's App Engine urlfetch service only supports the following ciphers: RC4-MD5, RC4-SHA, DES-CBC3-SHA None of those are secure enough to match the default rpcsslciphers list. The workaround is to specify:
| |
| rpcsslciphers=DEFAULT:@STRENGTH
| |
| in the bitcoin.conf file.
| |
SSL for RPC in Bitcoin Core client, was removed and is no longer available (as of 2019.03) apparently in commit 40b556d374 .
Even before its removal, it was criticized for some time.
(this no longer applies as RPC SSL was removed).
JSON-RPC over SSL is strongly discouraged
"The RPC interface isn't designed to be used in any scenario which would require SSL, which would be accessed over the internet or other untrusted networks. It doesn't have the necessary denial of service protections or review to make it safe for use this way, and so letting potentially malicious clients connect to it would be incredibly unwise. If you need to talk to a remote bitcoind instance you are better off tunneling with SSH or stunnel which will provide a secure, authenticated path without exposing the socket any further than localhost."
-Bitcoin(StackExchange, August 17th, 2015)