Bitcoin Wiki - User contributions [en]

Deribit

2019-10-05T16:59:04Z

FilletMignon: Updated outdated information

'''[https://www.deribit.io/ Deribit - Bitcoin Futures & Options Exchange]''' is first platform in the world offering plain "vanilla" European options as well as bitcoin futures with margin. It is fastest, most technically advanced bitcoin exchange to date launches.
Basic purpose of the exchange is
* to trade plain European style cash settled options on the Deribit BTC index, with margin and up to 10x leverage;
* to trade futures that settle on the Deribit BTC index, with up to 100x levrage.

Deribit also offers futures and options on altcoins, but you cannot trade them directly using bitcoins (you have to buy the altcoin first).

==Features==

===Margin Trading===
All funds held in an account will be considered as available margin. Equity and margin will fluctuate in the market as prices change. If the maintenance margin in an account is higher than equity in an account a margin call is triggered. A users position will be incrementally liquidated in small steps (maximum 10 contract/margin call) until equity is higher than maintenance margin

===Advanced orders===
From advanced features helping entering the market, the platform allows placing volatility orders, where the Deribit price engine continuously updates the price of the order as to keep its implied volatility fixed. With this feature basic market making is already possible for any trader that opens an account.

===Risk Management===
[https://deribit.io/ Deribit] has real-time risk management with incremental auto-liquidation: If an account has a maintenance margin higher than its equity, the Deribit risk engine will liquidate its position in small steps, providing maximal protection for all parties involved. Liquidations are small and instantaneous, again ensuring fairness for everyone. [https://deribit.io/ Deribit] aims to never have socialized losses. Its risk management system is built such way that it is extremely difficult to go bankrupt even if one would try to do so. Also [https://www.deribit.com/main#/insurance Deribit insurance fund] to cover bankruptcies is replenished constantly.

===Index and Delivery Price===
Deribit has one of the most transparent from bitcoin price indexes – Deribit BTC index. Currently the Deribit BTC index is made up the latest prices from Bitstamp, Gemini, Bitfinex, Itbit, Gdax and Kraken. From those 6 exchanges Deribit retrieves continuously best bid and best ask prices and calculates the mid price. Then the highest and lowest price are taken out. The remaining 4 exchanges are then each for 25% accountable for the BTC price index. So at all times there are a maximum of 4 exchanges making up the BTC price index weighting each 25%. Bitfinex seems to be permanently excluded from the calculations.

There is a [https://www.deribit.com/main#/prinx_chart stats page] dedicated to the price index where you can see at any time which exchanges are actually part of the index at this very moment. If the system doesn’t receive any signal from an exchange for more than 3 minutes, this exchange will be taken out of the index calculation.
The price used for settlement and delivery of contracts will be calculated as the time weighted average of the Deribit BTC index over the last half hour before expiration. The Deribit BTC index gets calculated every 6 seconds. So the final delivery price is the average of 300 index prices taken in the last 30 minutes before expiration.

===Platform and API===
The platform is built on the Erlang/OTP stack prepared to a high load (e.g. like Whatsapp, prepared for a huge amount of concurrent users, ultra low latency and updates without downtime etc). All its data is streamed in real time, through websockets, to client browser as well as it is possible to trade via REST, Websockets API or FIX bridge (see [https://www.deribit.com/docs/api/ API Docs] for more info). The platform can handle hundreds of trades per second from each account, which makes it possible for market makers to quote on all options available on the platform.

== External Links ==
* [https://www.deribit.io/ Deribit] website.
* [https://www.deribit.com/docs/ Deribit Documentation]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SsKefPGRwS4 Interview with John Jansen, CEO of Deribit]
* [https://twitter.com/DeribitExchange Deribit Twitter]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=otOFaNIJ_8w Video about trading BTC futures on Deribit]

[[Category:Exchanges]]
[[Category:Stock_Exchanges]]
[[Category:Bonds_Markets]]
[[Category:Futures_Exchanges]]
[[Category:Investing]]
[[Category: Financial]]
{{wp}}

Bitcoin as an investment

2019-10-05T16:54:14Z

FilletMignon: /* Volatility */

This page discusses the case for owning bitcoin as an investment and store of value.

==The case for investing==

# There is a [[Controlled supply|fixed supply]] of bitcoins. There will never be more than 21 million bitcoins.
# Because of bitcoin's [[Bitcoin as a medium of exchange|useful properties as a medium of exchange]], demand is growing or at least staying the same.
# Fixed supply and growing demand implies a growing price.

==Store of value==

Bitcoin has useful properties to make it a good store of value. It has been described as a "swiss bank account in your pocket"<ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/4a2l55/obama_meme_bitcoin_is_like_having_a_swissbank/</ref>.

* '''Cannot be debased.''' Limited to [[Controlled supply|21 million coins]] only.
* '''No storage cost.''' Bitcoins take up no physical space, [[Storing bitcoins|any amount can be stored]].
* '''Easy to hide.''' Can be stored encrypted on a paper, on disk, or even [[Brainwallet|memorized in your brain]].
* '''Can be made [[Anonymity|anonymous]]''', meaning nobody would even know you own bitcoins or how many.
* '''Easy to protect.''' Can be made impossible to steal or seize by any thief, government or bank.
* '''Censorship resistant.''' The coins can be [[Bitcoin as a medium of exchange|sent anywhere in the world through the internet without being blocked]].
* '''No counterparty risk.''' Coins are in your possession, if you keep the [[private key]] of a bitcoin secret and the transaction has enough [[Confirmation|confirmations]], then nobody can take them from you no matter for what reason, no matter how good the excuse, no matter what.

Even if these properties are not useful to you, they may be useful to others which would benefit you by increasing the value of your held bitcoins.

==Useful notes==

===Difficulty with storing and theft===

Because bitcoin is a digital asset, it can be un-intuitive to store safely. Users should definitely [[Ways to store Bitcoins|read the guides]] for correctly storing bitcoins. Historically many people have lost their coins but with proper understanding the risks can be eliminated. If your bitcoins do end up lost or stolen then there's almost certainly nothing that can be done to get them back.

===Preserving these properties===

Bitcoin is a software project. There's an obvious question of how it's useful properties can be maintained. Couldn't some programmer simply edit the source code to create more than 21 million bitcoins? The answer turns out to be no. Bitcoin is secured by strong cryptography and game theory, and it's properties are very hard or impossible to change.

See also:

* [[Myths#Miners, developers or some other entity could change Bitcoin's properties to benefit themselves]]
* [[Principles of Bitcoin]]
* [[Economic majority]]

Some people say that although the supply of bitcoin is limited, an infinite amount of other cryptocurrencies (altcoins) can be created. This is fundamentally confused reasoning because bitcoin and altcoins are different currencies, as bitcoin wallets would reject altcoin payments and vis versa. Claiming altcoins dilute the supply of bitcoins is like saying hyperinflation of the Venezuelan currency dilutes the supply of US Dollars.

===Volatility===

Bitcoin is much more volatile than most other assets, including most volatile commodities. This can be be good when the price is rising but may hurt the dollar value of your holdings when the price is falling. One way to deal with this is to only hold a certain percentage of your savings in bitcoin and the rest in more stable assets, but does not eliminate the risk altogether.

You could hedge yourself with Bitcoin futures or Bitcoin options, at the cost of accepting some counterparty risk. Most of the Bitcoin futures and options exchanges are centralized and you have to trust them with your coins. This however allows you to use your coins for payment and not worry about their dollar value. When using options, you also can enjoy the upside (at the cost of the option).

You could also deal with it by studying bitcoin's fundamentals deeply so that temporary price drops do not scare you into selling low. Investing with a dollar-cost-averaging strategy can also reduce the effects of volatility<ref>https://breadwallet.com/blog/how-invest-bitcoin-without-getting-hurt-volatility/</ref>. Also, over time, as your holdings grow, the impact of the new purchases is smaller and the volatility affects your increasing holdings.

===Uncorrelated asset===

Although bitcoin is volatile, it is mostly uncorrelated with any other asset classes<ref>http://www.signalplot.com/what-is-bitcoins-correlation-with-other-financial-assets/</ref>. This means bitcoin can reduce the overall volatility as part of a well-diversified portfolio.

==See also==
* [[Bitcoin as a medium of exchange]]
* [[Principles of Bitcoin]]
* [[Irreversible Transactions]]
* [[Controlled supply]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Economics]]

Research

2019-10-05T16:43:34Z

FilletMignon: Adding research pertinent to futures quoting style unique to Bitcoin economy

Publications including research and analysis of Bitcoin or related areas.

The list below is now just a subset of a [http://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1VaWhbAj7hWNdiE73P-W-wrl5a0WNgzjofmZXe0Rh5sg/htmlview?usp=sharing&pli=1&sle=true comprehensive list] compiled by [http://twitter.com/@suitpossum Brett Scott].

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Title
! Author
! width=150 | Type
! width=75 | Date
! Links
|-
| Cyberlaundering: Anonymous Digital Cash and Money Laundering
| R. Mark Bortner
| Research paper
| 1996
| [http://osaka.law.miami.edu/~froomkin/seminar/papers/bortner.htm Download]
|-
| Triple Entry Accounting
| Ian Grigg
| Research paper
| 2005-12-25
| [http://iang.org/papers/triple_entry.html Download]
|-
| [[Bitcoin_whitepaper|Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System]]
| [[Satoshi Nakamoto]]
| Research paper
| 2008-10-31
| [http://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf Download]
|-
| An Analysis of Anonymity in the Bitcoin System
| Fergal Reid, Martin Harrigan
| Research paper
| 2011-07-22
| [http://arxiv.org/abs/1107.4524 Download], [http://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=31539.0 discussion]
|-
| Shadowy Figures: Tracking Illicit Financial Transactions in the Murky World of Digital Currencies, Peer–to–Peer Networks, and Mobile Device Payments
| John Villasenor, Cody Monk, Christopher Bronk
| Research paper
| 2011-08-29
| [http://www.bakerinstitute.org/publications/ITP-pub-FinancialTransactions-082911.pdf Download]
|-
| Bitcoin: An Innovative Alternative Digital Currency
| Reuben Grinberg
| Research paper
| 2011-12-09
| [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1817857 Download], [http://www.bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=6247.0 discussion]
|-
| Bitcoin NFC
| David Allen Bronleewe
| Master's report
| 2011-08
| [http://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/ETD-UT-2011-08-4150/BRONLEEWE-MASTERS-REPORT.pdf?sequence=1 Download], [http://code.google.com/p/bitcoin-nfc source code]
|-
| Optimal pool abuse strategy
| Raulo
| Research paper
| 2011-02-04
| [http://bitcoin.atspace.com/poolcheating.pdf Download], [http://www.bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=3165.0 discussion]
|-
| Abusing Bitcoin cooperative mining pools: strategies for egoistical but honest miners
| Nakamoto Ryo
| Research paper
| 2011
| [http://www.bitcoinservice.co.uk/files/111 Download], [http://www.bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=2941.0 discussion]
|-
| Analysis of Bitcoin Pooled Mining Reward Systems
| Meni Rosenfeld
| Research paper
| 2011-11-07
| [https://bitcoil.co.il/pool_analysis.pdf Download], [http://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=32814.0 discussion]
|-
| Bitcoin Exchange system
| Tomáš Jiříček
| Research paper
| 2012
| [https://dip.felk.cvut.cz/browse/pdfcache/jiricto2_2012bach.pdf Download]
|-
| On Bitcoin and Red Balloons
| Moshe Babaioff, Shahar Dobzinski, Sigal Oren, Aviv Zohar
| Publication article
| 2012
| [http://research.microsoft.com/pubs/156072/bitcoin.pdf Download]
|-
| 2011 Observations on the Digital Currency Industry
| Mark Herpel
| Publication article
| 2011
| [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1721076 Download]
|-
| MAVE, New Lightweight Digital Signature Protocols for Massive Verifications
| Sergio Demian Lerner
| Research paper (preliminary)
| 2012
| [http://bitslog.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/mave1.pdf Download]
|-
| MAVEPAY, a New Lightweight Payment Scheme for Peer to Peer Currency Networks
| Sergio Demian Lerner
| Research paper (preliminary)
| 2012
| [http://bitslog.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/mavepay1.pdf Download]
|-
| Bitcoin: Eine erste Einordnung (an initial classification)
| Christoph Sorge, Artus Krohn-Grimberghe
| Research paper
| 2012
| [http://www.springerlink.com/content/cw1v762571tr4462/ Download], [http://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=90233.0 discussion]
|-
| Bitcoin - an introduction to the workings and a preliminary analysis and understanding of potential legal issues
| Jean-Daniel Schmid, Alexander Schmid
| Article
| 2012
| [http://ef-r.ch/images/publications/1338882576_Bitcoin.pdf Download]
|-
| Secure multiparty Bitcoin anonymization
| Edward Z. Yang
| Article
| 2012
| [http://blog.ezyang.com/2012/07/secure-multiparty-bitcoin-anonymization/ Download], [http://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/wvm2w/secure_multiparty_bitcoin_anonymization/ discussion]
|-
| Bitcoin & Gresham's Law - the economic inevitability of Collapse
| Philipp Güring, Ian Grigg
| Article
| 2011
| [http://iang.org/papers/BitcoinBreachesGreshamsLaw.pdf Download]
|-
| Today Techies, Tomorrow the World? Bitcoin.
| Reuben Grinberg
| Article
| 2012
| [http://www.milkeninstitute.org/publications/review/2012_1/22-31MR53.pdf Download]
|-
| Traveling the Silk Road: A measurement analysis of a large anonymous online marketplace
| Nicolas Christin
| Research paper
| 2012
| [http://www.cylab.cmu.edu/files/pdfs/tech_reports/CMUCyLab12018.pdf Download]
|-
| CommitCoin: Carbon Dating Commitments with Bitcoin
| Jeremy Clark and Aleksander Essex
| Research paper
| 2012
| [http://people.scs.carleton.ca/~clark/papers/2012_fc.pdf Download extended abstract]<br />[http://eprint.iacr.org/2011/677.pdf Download technical report]
|-
| Quantitative Analysis of the Full Bitcoin Transaction Graph
| Dorit Ron and Adi Shamir
| Research paper
| 2012
| [http://eprint.iacr.org/2012/584.pdf Download]
|-
| Bitcoin Security
| Robert Pallas
| Master's thesis
| 2012
| [http://robertpallas.github.io/boblog/includes/btc-thesis.pdf Download]
|-
| Design and security analysis of Bitcoin infrastructure using application deployed on Google Apps Engine
| Piotr "ThePiachu" Piasecki
| Master's thesis
| 2012
| [https://dl.dropbox.com/u/3658181/PiotrPiasecki-BitcoinMasterThesis.pdf Download], [https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=88149.0 discussion]
|-
| The Production of Freedom: Value Production in the US- dominated Financial System, and Possible Alternatives
| Jeremy Kirshbaum
| Master's thesis (preliminary)
| 2012
| [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1JIyMWIibqH8x20vGBTMBZ2yqM7Xbp54UpWBh0o2H7WI/edit?pli=1 Download], [https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=87404.0 discussion]
|-
| COIN: a distributed accounting system for peer to peer networks
| Fabio Varesano
| Bachelor's thesis
| 2012
| [http://www.varesano.net/contents/projects/coin%20distributed%20accounting%20system%20peer%20peer%20networks Download]
|-
| BITCOIN CLIENTS
| Rostislav Skudnov
| Bachelor's thesis
| 2012
| [http://publications.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/47166/Skudnov_Rostislav.pdf?sequence=1 Download]
|-
| Bitter to Better—How to Make Bitcoin a Better Currency
| Simon Barber, Xavier Boyen, Elaine Shi, Ersin Uzun
| Research paper
| 2012
| [http://crypto.stanford.edu/~xb/fc12/bitcoin.pdf Download]
|-
| NooShare: A decentralized ledger of shared computational resources
| Alex Coventry
| Research paper
| 2012
| [http://mit.edu/alex_c/www/nooshare.pdf Download]
|-
| Bits and Bets. Information, Price Volatility, and Demand for Bitcoin
| Martis Buchholz, Jess Delaney, Joseph Warren
| Final project
| 2012
| [http://academic.reed.edu/economics/parker/s12/312/finalproj/Bitcoin.pdf Download], [http://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/x7kop/economic_analysis_of_the_demand_for_bitcoin discussion], [https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=96003.0 discussion]
|-
| Two Bitcoins at the Price of One? Double Spending attacks on Fast Payments in Bitcoin
| Ghassan O. Karame, Elli Androulaki, Srdjan Cap-kun
| Research paper
| 2012
| [http://eprint.iacr.org/2012/248 Download]
|-
| Nerdy Money: Bitcoin, the Private Digital Currency, and the Case Against Its Regulation
| Nikolei M. Kaplanov
| Research paper
| 2012
| [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2115203 Abstract]
|-
| Analysis of hashrate-based double-spending
| Meni Rosenfeld
| Research paper
| 2012
| [https://bitcoil.co.il/Doublespend.pdf Download]
|-
| Homomorphic Payment Addresses and the Pay-to-Contract Protocol
| Ilja Gerhardt, Timo Hanke
| Research Paper
| 2012
| [http://arxiv.org/pdf/1212.3257v1 Download] ([http://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fpdf%2F1212.325qq7v1 via web viewer])
|-
| Quasi-Commodity Money (February 6, 2012). "This paper considers reform possibilities posed by a type of base money that has heretofore been overlooked in the literature on monetary economics."
| George Selgin
| Working Papers Series
| 2012
| [http://ssrn.com/abstract=2000118 Download]
|-
| Virtual currency schemes - "This report is a first attempt to provide the basis for a discussion on virtual currency schemes."
| European Central Bank
| Paper
| 2012
| [http://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/other/virtualcurrencyschemes201210en.pdf Download]
|-
| Evaluating User Privacy in Bitcoin
| Elli Androulaki, Ghassan Karame, Marc Roeschlin, Tobias Scherer and Srdjan Capkun
| Paper
| 2013
| [http://fc13.ifca.ai/proc/1-3.pdf Download] ([http://fc13.ifca.ai/slide/1-3.pdf Slides])
|-
| Beware the Middleman: Empirical Analysis of Bitcoin-Exchange Risk
| Tyler Moore and Nicolas Christin
| Short Paper
| 2013
| [http://fc13.ifca.ai/proc/1-2.pdf Download] ([http://fc13.ifca.ai/slide/1-2.pdf Slides])
|-
| Bitcoin, Regulating Fraud In The E-Conomy Of Hacker-Cash
| Derek A. Dion
| Paper
| 2013
| [http://illinoisjltp.com/journal/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Dion.pdf Download]
|-
| The practical materiality of Bitcoin
| Bill Maurera, Taylor C. Nelmsa & Lana Swartz
| Paper
| 2013
| [http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10350330.2013.777594#.UbbTVaD_6b4 Download]
|-
| Regulating Digital Currencies: Bringing Bitcoin within the Reach of the IMF
| Nicholas Plassaras
| Paper
| 2013
| [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2248419 Download]
|-
| Bitcoin is Memory
| William J. Luther, Josiah Olson
| Paper
| 2013
| [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2275730 Download]
|-
| The Economics of Bitcoin Mining or, Bitcoin in the Presence of Adversaries
| Joshua A. Kroll, Ian C. Davey, and Edward W. Felten
| Paper
| 2013
| [http://www.weis2013.econinfosec.org/papers/KrollDaveyFeltenWEIS2013.pdf Download]
|-
| Bitcoin: A Primer for Policymakers
| Jerry Brito, Andrea Castillo
| Research paper
| 2013
| [http://mercatus.org/publication/bitcoin-primer-policymakers Abstract] [http://mercatus.org/sites/default/files/Brito_BitcoinPrimer.pdf Download]
|-
| Whack-a-Mole: Prosecuting Digital Currency Exchanges
| Catherine Martin Christopher
| Research paper
| 2013
| [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2312787 Abstract]
[http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2312787_code1372021.pdf?abstractid=2312787&mirid=2 Download]
|-
| Are Cryptocurrencies 'Super' Tax Havens?
| Omri Y. Marian
| Research paper
| 2013
| [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2305863 Abstract]
[http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2316499_code592645.pdf?abstractid=2305863&mirid=1 Download]
|-
| Collective Emergent Institutional Entrepreneurship Through Bitcoin
| Robin Teigland, Zeynep Yetis and Tomas Olov Larsson
| Research paper
| 2013
| [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2263707 Abstract]
[http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2263707_code2053543.pdf?abstractid=2263707&mirid=1 Download]
|-
| Anonymity of Bitcoin Transactions
| Malte Möser
| Research paper
| 2013
| [https://www.wi.uni-muenster.de/sites/default/files/public/department/itsecurity/mbc13/mbc13-moeser-paper.pdf Download]
|-
| On the origins of Bitcoin: Stages of monetary evolution
| Konrad S. Graf
| Research paper
| 2013
| [http://konradsgraf.com/blog1/2013/10/23/on-the-origins-of-bitcoin-my-new-work-on-bitcoin-and-monetar.html Abstract]
[http://konradsgraf.com/storage/On%20the%20Origins%20of%20Bitcoin%20Graf%2023.10.13.pdf Download]
|-
| Majority is not Enough: Bitcoin Mining is Vulnerable
| Ittay Eyal and Emin Gun Sirer
| Research paper
| 2013
| [http://arxiv.org/abs/1311.0243 Abstract]
[http://arxiv.org/pdf/1311.0243v1 Download]
|-
| Bitcoin, the end of the Taboo on Money
| Denis Roio aka Jaromil
| Humanities article
| 2013
| [http://www.dyndy.net/2013/04/bitcoin-ends-the-taboo-on-money/ Abstract]
[https://files.dyne.org/readers/Bitcoin_end_of_taboo_on_money.pdf Download]
|-
| Secure Multiparty Computations on BitCoin
| Marcin Andrychowicz, Stefan Dziembowski, Daniel Malinowski and Łukasz Mazurek University of Warsaw
| Research paper
| 2013
| [http://eprint.iacr.org/2013/784 Abstract]
[http://eprint.iacr.org/eprint-bin/cite.pl?entry=2013/784 BibTeX]
[http://eprint.iacr.org/2013/784.pdf Download]
|-
| A Fistful of Bitcoins: Characterizing Payments Among Men with No Names
| Sarah Meiklejohn, Marjori Pomarole, Grant Jordan, Kirill Levchenko, Damon McCoy, Geoffrey M. Voelker, Stefan Savage
| Research paper
| 2013
|
[http://www.cs.gmu.edu/~mccoy/papers/imc13.pdf Download]
|-
| Information Propagation in the Bitcoin Network
| Christian Decker (ETH Zurich, Switzerland), Roger Wattenhofer (Microsoft Research)
| Research paper
| 2013
|
[http://www.tik.ee.ethz.ch/file/49318d3f56c1d525aabf7fda78b23fc0/P2P2013_041.pdf Download]
|-
| Have a Snack, Pay with Bitcoins
| Tobias Bamert, Christian Decker, Lennart Elsen, Roger Wattenhofer, Samuel Welten
| Research paper
| 2013
|
[http://www.tik.ee.ethz.ch/file/848064fa2e80f88a57aef43d7d5956c6/P2P2013_093.pdf Download]
|-
| The Economics of Private Digital Currency
| Gerald P Dwyer
| Research paper
| 2014
| [http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/55824/ Abstract]
[http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/55824/1/MPRA_paper_55824.pdf Download]
|-
| The Origin, Classification and Utility of Bitcoin
| Peter Šurda
| Research Paper
| 2014
| [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2436823 Abstract]
|-
| Deanonymisation of clients in Bitcoin P2P network
| Alex Biryukov, Dmitry Khovratovich and Ivan Pustogarov
| Research Paper
| 2014
| [http://arxiv.org/abs/1405.7418 Abstract] [http://arxiv.org/pdf/1405.7418v2.pdf Download]
|-
| Bitcoin Financial Regulation: Securities, Derivatives, Prediction Markets, & Gambling
| Jerry Brito, Houman B. Shadab, Andrea Castillo
| Research Paper
| 2014
| [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2423461 Abstract] [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2426195_code510873.pdf?abstractid=2423461&mirid=1 Download]
|-
| What are the main drivers of the Bitcoin price?
| Ladislav Kristoufek
| Research Paper
| 2014
| [http://arxiv.org/pdf/1406.0268v1.pdf Download]
|-
| The Economics of Bitcoin
| Andre Herman
| Bachelor's thesis
| 2014
| [http://www.scribd.com/doc/231964435/The-Economics-of-Bitcoin Download]
|-
| Near Zero Bitcoin Transaction Fees Cannot Last Forever
| Kerem Kaşkaloğlu
| Research Paper
| 2014
| [http://sdiwc.net/digital-library/near-zero-bitcoin-transaction-fees-cannot-last-forever.html Abstract] [http://sdiwc.net/digital-library/request.php?article=96cd6f6067fcbaf5e3947d071aa688fb Download]
|-
| Is Bitcoin Money?
| Ísak Andri Ólafsson
| Thesis Paper
| 2014
| [http://skemman.is/en/item/view/1946/18234 Abstract] [http://skemman.is/en/stream/get/1946/18234/42843/1/MS_%C3%8Dsak_Andri_%C3%93lafsson.pdf Download]
|-
| The (A)Political Economy of Bitcoin
| Vasilis Kostakis and Chris Giotitsas
| Essay
| 2014
| [http://www.triple-c.at/index.php/tripleC/article/view/606/578 HTML] [http://www.triple-c.at/index.php/tripleC/article/download/606/562 Download]
|-
| When your sensor earns money: exchanging data for cash with Bitcoin
| Dominic Wörner and Thomas von Bomhard
| Research
| 2014
| [http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2638786 Abstract] [http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2638786&ftid=1500778&dwn=1&CFID=579517323&CFTOKEN=37552107 Download]
|-
| Bitcoin Transaction Malleability and MtGox
| Christian Decker, Roger Wattenhofer
| Research
| 2014
| [http://www.tik.ee.ethz.ch/file/7e4a7f3f2991784786037285f4876f5c/malleability.pdf Download]
|-
| BlueWallet: The Secure Bitcoin Wallet
| Tobias Bamert, Christian Decker, Roger Wattenhofer and Samuel Welten
| Research
| 2014
| [http://www.tik.ee.ethz.ch/file/0c347a9a3803cb937d360cba511e5019/stm2014_submission_12.pdf Download]
|-
| Bitcoin over Tor isn’t a good idea
| Alex Biryukov and Ivan Pustogarov
| Research
| 2014
| [http://arxiv.org/pdf/1410.6079v1.pdf Download]
|-
| Sidechained Bitcoin Substitutes, A Monetary Commentary
| Konrad S. Graf
| Essay
| 2014
| [http://konradsgraf.squarespace.com/storage/Monetary%20analsyis%20of%20sidecoins%20KG%2024Oct2014.pdf Download]
|-
| Taxation of virtual currency
| Aleksandra Bal
| PhD thesis
| 2014
| [http://hdl.handle.net/1887/29963 Abstract] [https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/bitstream/handle/1887/29963/000-5-Bal-14-10-2014.pdf Download]
|-
| A First Look at the Usability of Bitcoin Key Management
| Shayan Eskandari, David Barrera, Elizabeth Stobert, and Jeremy Clark
| Research Paper
| 2015
| [http://www.internetsociety.org/sites/default/files/05_3_3.pdf Download]
|-
| Privacy in Bitcoin through decentralized mixers
| Olivier Coutu
| Master's thesis
| 2015
| [https://papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca/xmlui/handle/1866/11498 Abstract] [https://papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1866/11498/Coutu_Olivier_2014_memoire.pdf Download]
|-
| Value Creation in Cryptocurrency Networks: Towards A Taxonomy of Digital Business Models for Bitcoin Companies
| Erol Kazan, Chee-Wee Tan, Eric T.K. Lim
| Research Paper
| 2015
| [http://aisel.aisnet.org/pacis2015/34/ Abstract] [http://aisel.aisnet.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1222&context=pacis2015 Download]
|-
| Authenticated Key Exchange over Bitcoin
| Patrick McCorry, Siamak F. Shahandashti, Dylan Clarke, Feng Hao
| Research Paper
| 2015
| [http://eprint.iacr.org/2015/308.pdf Download]
|-
| Bitcoin and Beyond: A Technical Survey on Decentralized Digital Currencies
| Florian Tschorsch and Björn Scheuermann
| Research Paper
| 2015
| [http://eprint.iacr.org/2015/464.pdf Download]
|-
| Bitcoin Duplex Micropayment Channels
| Christian Decker and Roger Wattenhofer
| Research Paper
| 2015
| [http://www.tik.ee.ethz.ch/file/716b955c130e6c703fac336ea17b1670/duplex-micropayment-channels.pdf Download]
|-
| The Bitcoin Lightning Network: Scalable Off-Chain Instant Payments
| Joseph Poon and Thaddeus Dryja
| Research Paper
| 2015
| [http://lightning.network/lightning-network-paper.pdf Download]
|-
| Bitcoin and the Uniform Commercial Code
| Jeanne L. Schroeder
| Research Paper
| 2015
| [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2649441 Abstract] [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2649441_code1717611.pdf?abstractid=2649441&mirid=1 Download]
|-
| Economics beyond Financial Intermediation
| Saifedean Ammous
| Research Paper
| 2015
| [http://journal.apee.org/index.php?title=2015_Journal_of_Private_Enterprise_vol_30_no_3_parte2.pdf Download]
|-
| Bitcoin and the Future of Digital Payments
| William J. Luther
| Research Paper
| 2015
| [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Papers.cfm?abstract_id=2631314 Abstract] [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2631314_code1352425.pdf?abstractid=2631314&mirid=1 Download]
|
|-
| Profitability from Mining Bitcoins: Should You Still Enter the Bitcoin Mining Competition? Long-Term Simulation Analysis of the Profitability for a Single Miner
| Kärt Viilup
| Master's thesis
| 2015
| [http://dspace.ut.ee/bitstream/handle/10062/47208/viilup_kart.pdf Download]
|-
| Secure Bitcoin Wallet
| Sevil Guler
| Master's thesis
| 2015
| [http://comserv.cs.ut.ee/forms/ati_report/downloader.php?file=BAE4173CEBB722554EB452F64CFE7C9A2D2391D5 Download]
|-
| Development of Universal Cryptocurrency Wallet Services: A Case Study of Bitplexus
| Priidu Neemre
| Master's thesis
| 2016
| [http://nemp.planet.ee/Development_of_Universal_Cryptocurrency_Wallet_Services_-_A_Case_Study_of_Bitplexus.pdf Download]
|-
| Inverse Futures in Bitcoin Economy
| Aleksey Bragin
| SSRN Research Paper
| 2015
| [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2713755 Download]
|}

==See Also==

* [http://encryptopedia.com/ Encryptopedia - Scientific research and white papers on bitcoin, blockchain technology, cryptography, algorithms and cryptocurrencies]
* [http://suitpossum.blogspot.com/2014/12/academic-bitcoin-research.html Peer-to-Peer Review: The State of Academic Bitcoin Research 2014] by Brett Scott ([http://twitter.com/Suitpossum @Suitpossum]) ([http://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1VaWhbAj7hWNdiE73P-W-wrl5a0WNgzjofmZXe0Rh5sg/htmlview?usp=sharing&pli=1&sle=true Full List])
* [http://www.opencryptocurrencyreview.com/ OpenCryptocurrencyReview - A repository of Bitcoin and related research]
* [http://people.scs.carleton.ca/~clark/biblio.html Jeremy Clark's Bitcoin Bibliography]
* [[:Category:Economics|Economic]]
* [[:Category:Technical|Technical]]
* [[Press]]

[[Category:Research]]